SUNDARGARH
SUNDARGARH
About the district:-
Sundargarh is a beautiful terrain. As its name suggests; Sundar means Beautiful and Garh means a place. 43% of its area is covered with forest and numerous tribes add an extra shine to it. The district sundargarh is constituted on 1st January 1948. This is the north-western part of Odisha. Due to the presence in border line of Odisha, this district is bounded by its neighbourhood states. From west it is bounded by the Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh, Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh from north-west, Simdega district of Jharkhand from north. The town of sundargarh is the district headquarters. It is the economic capital of Odisha as well.
Geography:-
It is the North-western part of Odisha. It is the second largest district of Odisha in terms of area, accounting 6.23% of total area. Geographical area of the district is 9721 km2. The geographic location of the district is 21°36′N to 22°32′N and from 83°32′E to 85°22′E. The river Ib and Brahmani flows through Sundargarh district. The slop of the district is from north to south. A well cultivated plane along the Ib river valley is present, Particularly in south. The portion occupied by Bonai sub-division to the South-east has rugged forest and hills intersected by gorges and passes and having a narrow valley of river Brahmani and its tributaries.
The east and west valley of river Brahmani is filled with high range of mountains, chelliatoka (3331 ft.) Bichakani (2964 ft.). The last hill has the importance as it acquires millions of tons iron ore which is needed for steel plant. The territory of Sundargarh and Panposh sub-division comprises of the ex-state gangapur is about 700 ft. above the sea level and Bonai which comprises of the ex-state Bonai, is about 800 ft. above the sea level.
This district contains tropical dry deciduous forest. The forests mainly contain sal, Kurum, Assan etc. The eastern half of Bonai and Rajgangpur contains better quality of vegetation. The forest area is studded with rich mineral deposits like iron ore, manganese, led, limestone also forest products like bamboo, timber and Kendo leaf which are export oriented.
Demographics:-
According to 2011 census, Sundargarh district has a population of 2,093,437 . That’s why this region of Odisha is being ranked the 221st district out of 640 districts of India.This district has a population density of 214 inhabitants per square kilometre. Population growth over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.35% and it’s proportion to Odisha population is 4.99%. Sex ratio of sundargarh district is 973 females per 1000 males. Average literacy rate in 2001 was 64.86% and in 2011, it is 73.34%. Male literacy rate constitutes 81.01% while female literacy rate constitutes 65.48% in 2011 .
64.74% of sundargarh population lives in rural area while the rest percentage of people lives in urban area. There are two cities inside sundargarh district one is Rourkela(municipality) and Rourkela(Industrial township).
Economy:-
Economy of the district mostly relies on industries. Here big industries are also present,
Rourkela:-
The Rourkela steel plant in this district is the first government sector steel plant built with the foreign collaboration and first in the country to use LD oxygen technology.
Rajgangpur:-
Rajgangpur is an important town situated in between Rourkela and sundargarh. A cement plant of OCL India is situated here.
Kansabahal:-
A fabrication plant of Larsen and Turbo(L&T) is situated here.
Culture:-
Tribal essence in culture of this district can be felt. Nuakhai is the most awaited and sacred festival of this region of Odisha. New harvested crop is being offered to the god.
Nuakhai:-
It is an agricultural festival and mainly observed by the people of western Odisha. It is observed for the new harvested corps. It is observed on fifth day of lunatic fortnight of the month August-September, the day after Ganesh chaturthi festival. This festival has a lot of significance towards the people of western Odisha.
RITUALS OF NUAKHAI:-
Some place in western Odisha starts preparations in a 15 day advance. Nuakhai is considered to have nine colours as a consequence nine sets of rituals are followed,
1- Beheren(Announcement of meeting to set the date)
2- Lagna Dekha(Setting the exact date for partaking of new rice)
3- Daka Haka(Invitation)
4- Sapha sutura and lipa pocha(cleanliness)
5- Kina bika(sale and purchase)
6- Nua Dhana Khoja(Looking for new crops)
7- Bali paka( Final resolve for Nuakhai by taking the offering to the deity)
8- Nuakhai(Eating new crop as offering of the deity)
9- Juhar vet( Respect to elders by gifting some gift)
So these are the nine rituals which are followed by the people.
Some popular wishes,
NUAKHAIR TIHAR ANICHHENUA SAPAN NUA ASHA...
HASI KHELI KARI BTU E BACHHAR,
MAA SAMLEI VARSA...NUAKHAI JUHAR
Tourist Places:-
There are various tourist places to visit in sundargarh district,
Rourkela:- In Rourkela there are places like Hanuman vatika, Indira Gandhi park which are packed with natural beauties.
Vedavyasa:- This place is named after maharshi vedavyasa, who has written the epic Mahabharat. This place is the confluence of river sankara and river koel. It is 8km. from Rourkela. It is a stunning picnic spot.
Manikmoda:- It is a cave, consisting of rock paintings. Rock paintings of birds, humans, hunting scenes.
Conclusion:-
Another tribal region, yet good.
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