KHORDHA
A little bit of this and that for Khordha
Khordha (also written Khurda)
is an administrative division of the state of Odisha, India. It was formed on
April 1, 1993 by the division of former Puri District into Puri, Khurda and Nayagarh
districts. In the year 2000 the district name was changed to Khordha. The
district headquarters is Khordha Town, formerly known as Jajarsingh, or Kurada.
The capital city of Bhubaneswar is located in this district. Khurda is the most
urbanized of all the districts of Odisha. Khurda Road, the railway station that
serves the town is also the divisional headquarters of the East Coast Railway
of the Indian Railways. Khurda is known for its brass utensils, cottage
industries, railway coach manufacturing, and cable manufacture.Khurda (Khordha) is a city and a
municipality area in Khurda district in the Indian state of Odisha. Bhubaneswar,
capital of Odisha, belongs to Khurda district and is only 25 km from
Khurda town. Odisha State Highway 1 on National Highway 224 starts here.
Geography:-
Khurda is located at 20.18°N 85.62°E. It has an average elevation of
75 m (246 ft).
History time
The history of Bhubaneswar may be viewed in terms of ancient and
modern eras. The ancient city has a history of more than 2,000 years, while the
modern city emerged in 1948.Khurda district has a unique place in history as being the last
kingdom to be conquered by the British in 1803. Khurda is famous for the Paika
Bidroha (soldier revolution) of 1817, led by Jai Rajguru and Bakshi
Jagabandhu. Dalabehera of Tapanga Garha also played a leading role during that
time. Khurda is famous for Barunei temple
atop the Barunei Hills. There are many villages in this district and some of
them are Gurujanga, Gadamanatri, Gangapada, Minchinpatna, Angarpada, Mahula,
Majana, Karadapalli, Bajpur, Jhinkijhari and host of others. Gurujanga village
is the birthplace of Sachi Rautarai (specifically remembered for "Chhota
mora gaan ti" poetry), Harikrushna Pradhan (another famous Sanskrit
Pandit) and many more good writers.
Paika bidroha:-
As far as paika bidroha is concerned it is the
most awful event in the history of Odisha.
During 1817 the
British attacked Khurda Dynasty and the Fort of Raja on the foot of Barunei
hills was stomed and razed to the ground “Khordha” is the last freedom fort of
India to come under the British rule. The British followed a new revenue system
which infuriated the “Paikas” (the warriors) who enjoyed the land in lieu of
their services were asked to pay rent and taxes at the same rate as
cultivators. At the same time the British also introduced salt monopoly which
give birth the Paika Bidroha , guerilla Paika fighters of Odisha fought and
stopped British invasion further inside Odisha. Britishers planned a
strategy to look for local informers who can inform them about the hide outs
and strategies of native patriot Guerilla fighters. A local person named Charan
Patnaik pinned Britishers about hide outs of freedom fighters of Odisha and
thus britishers could storm the hideout and killed patriotic gladiators of Odisha
Buxi Jagabandhu, Madhab Ch. Routray, Dal Behera, Krutibas Pattasani, Pindiki
Bahubalendra. Thus the Paika Bidroh (Rebellion) They killed buxi jagabandhu.
That was a very brutal one. They pulled the branches of banyan tree and tied up
the legs and hands of buxi jagabndhu and then.... they left the branches., the
last hope for an independent Odisha was completely stamped out in September,
1818. because of this, local people punished Charan Patnaik by burning him
alive in the midnight at the place near to jatni (got from Rabi Mishra).
The failure of Paika Bidroh was due to betray by Charan Pattnaik, Mdhhu Pattnaik, Dhrubajaya Harichandan(betray Pindiki Bahubalendra), Ogal Singh, Bhagabar Jagadev Biraban. In return these informers turncoat traitors had got a land in reward back from Britishers. Till today this land property for which they are not paying tax is being recognized by people as Beiman Nimak Haram Jagiri.
The failure of Paika Bidroh was due to betray by Charan Pattnaik, Mdhhu Pattnaik, Dhrubajaya Harichandan(betray Pindiki Bahubalendra), Ogal Singh, Bhagabar Jagadev Biraban. In return these informers turncoat traitors had got a land in reward back from Britishers. Till today this land property for which they are not paying tax is being recognized by people as Beiman Nimak Haram Jagiri.
Tourist and important destination:-
Atri
It
is situated at the distance of 42 km from Bhubaneswar. It is famous for
perennial sulfur spring and a temple dedicated to Lord Hatakeswara. The hot
water spring is reputed to have medicinal properties that's helpful to cure
skin diseases.
Bhubaneswar
It
is the capital city of Odisha and the ancient Kingdom of Kalinga. Bhubaneswar
popularly known as the temple city of India. The main attractions are Lingaraj
temple, Kedar Gouri, State museum, Bindusagar tank, Rabindra Mandap, Ram
Mandir, Raj Bhawan, Legislative Assembly, Nandankanan, Parks, Gardens and is
the shopping center of Odisha.
Barunei
This
temple is situated on the Barunei Mountain. It is at a distance of 32 km
from Bhubaneswar. Goddess Barunei is the famous deity of Khurda. A beautiful
stream flowing from the mountain known as Swarna Ganga doubles the beauty of
this place..
Maa Kalijai
It
is situated at a distance of 100 km from Bhubaneswar. It is the largest
lake of the country. The lake is surrounded with scenic beauty of nature.
Several types of migratory birds visit Chilka with advent of different season.
It is declared as a bird sanctuary by the state govt. There are a number of
rocked islands inside the, and one such picturesque island is called Kalijai.
The naval training center is also situated nearby.
Dhauli
It
is situated at a distance of 15 km from Bhubaneswar. The rock edict of
Dhauli bears the early history of Kalinga and this rock edict was engraved by
Emperor Ashok.
Khandagiri and Udayagiri
These
twin hills are situated in Bhubaneswar. There are 117 caves in these twin
hills. The Rani Gumpha is the largest cave in the Udaygiri hill. Another famous
cave called the Hati Gumpha is also there where the rock is engraved by King
Kharavela. These caves contain a beautiful Barabhuja temple and a Jain temple.
Lingaraj Temple
Lingaraj
temple is the largest and most famous Lord Shiva temple in Odisha. A couple of
other temples exist there around it.
NandanKanan
This
is a famous Zoo of Odisha situated at a distance of 20 km from
Bhubaneswar. It is famous for the Botanical garden, zoo and the natural lake.
The recently opened natural lion safari is the largest of its kind in India.
The white tigers present here makes it unique across the world.
Kaipadar
Kaipadar
is situated at a distance of 15 km from Khurda. A beautiful mosque is
present here. This place is the meeting place of Hindus and Muslims.
Deras & Jhumka
Two
beautiful picnic spots situated at a distance of 15 km from Bhubaneswar.
Deras and Jhumka are two dams surrounded by dense forest.
Shishupalgarh
Situated
at a distanc eof 13 km from Bhubaneswar. The ruined fort Shishupalgarh and
ancient capital of Kalinga named Toshali is being discovered by the
archeological survey of India.
Shikharchandi
It
is situated at a distance of 15 km from Bhubaneswar towards Nandankanan. A
temple dedicated to Goddess Chandi on the hill top and the scenic beauty is the
main attraction of this place.
Chilika Lake
It
is a brackish water lagoon, spread over the Puri, Khurda and Ganjam
districts of Odisha state on the east coast of India, at the mouth of
the Daya River, flowing into the Bay of Bengal, covering an area of over
1,100 km2. It is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the
second largest lagoon in the World. It is the largest wintering ground for
migratory birds on the Indian sub-continent and is a great attraction for the
tourists for bird watching, fishing, and boating.
Now
about The capital city Bhubaneswar(the emerging city):-
About the city:- Bhubaneswar also spelt Bhubaneshwar is the capital of the Indian
state of Odisha, formerly known as Odisha. The city has a history of
over 3,000 years starting with the Mahamegha-bahana Chedi dynasty (around 2nd
century BCE) which had its capital at Sisupalgarh, nearby. Bhubaneswar, derived
its name from Tribhubaneswar, which literally means the Lord (Eeswar) of
the Three World (Tribhuban), which refers to Shiva.[3] Bhubaneswar has been known by names
such as Toshali, Kalinga Nagari, Nagar Kalinga, Ekamra Kanan, Ekamra Kshetra
and Mandira Malini Nagari (English: "City of Temples"). It is
the largest city in Odisha and is a centre of economic and religious importance
in Eastern India.
With many Hindu
temples, which span the entire spectrum of Kalinga architecture, Bhubaneswar is
often referred to as a Temple City of India and together with Puri and Konark
it forms the Swarna Tribhuja ("Golden Triangle"); one of
eastern India's most visited destinations.[4]
Bhubaneswar replaced Cuttack as the
capital in 1948, the year after India gained its independence from Britain. The
modern city was designed by the German architect Otto Königsberger in 1946.
Along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh, it was one of modern India's first
planned cities. Bhubaneswar and Cuttack are often referred to as the twin-cities
of Odisha. The metropolitan area formed by the two cities had a population
of 1.4 million in 2011.[5] Bhubaneswar is categorized as a Tier-2
city. An emerging Information Technology (IT) and education hub, Bhubaneswar is
one of country's fastest developing cities
TRANSPORTATION:-
The headquarters of the Odisha State Road Transport Corporation (OSRTC) is located in Bhubaneswar. The main Bhubaneswar inter-state bus terminus is situated at Barmunda, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from the city centre, from where OSRTC and private operators run buses connecting Bhubaneswar to cities in Odisha and with the neighboring states of Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh. Bhubaneswar is connected to the rest of Odisha and India by National Highways-NH 5, which is a part of the Kolkata-Chennai prong of the Golden Quadrilateral, NH 203, State Highway 13 and State Highway 27.
Bhubaneswar has wide roads in grid form in the central city. Bhubaneswar has approximately 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) of roads, with average road density of 11.82 square kilometres (4.56 sq mi). city bus service runs in public-private partnership between Bhubaneswar-Puri Transport Service Limited (BPTSL) and Dream Team Sahara (DTS) under JNNURM scheme. A fleet of 105 buses cover all major destinations including Cuttack, Puri and Khurda. Autorickshaws are available for hire and on a share basis throughout the city. In parts of the city, cycle rickshaws are offer short trips.[63] To ease traffic-jams, over-bridges at major road junctions and expansion of roads are under construction. Bhubaneswar has been ranked as India's third-best city for pedestrian infrastructure.
The East Coast Railway has its headquarters in Bhubaneswar. Bhubaneswar railway station is one of the main stations on the Howrah-Chennai main line. It is connected to major cities by daily express and passenger trains. However, the existing station is overloaded by existing traffic. The city plans to expand it and create a new station at Barang to meet future needs. Bhubaneswar has five railway stations within its city limits; namely (from north to south) Patia Halt, Mancheswar, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar station (near Master Canteen) and Lingaraj Temple Road.
Biju Patnaik Airport also known as Bhubaneswar Airport, situated 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the city center, is the major airport in Odisha. As of 2012, the airport was planned to be upgraded to handle international operations, connecting the city to Southeast Asia and the Middle East. In March 2013, a new domestic terminal with a capacity of handling 30 million passengers per year was inaugurated to handle increased air traffic.
Education in Bhuubaneswar:-
Bhubaneswar's schools are run by the state government or private organisations, many of which are religious. Oriya and English are the primary languages of instruction. Schools in Bhubaneswar follow the "10+2+3" plan. After completing secondary education, students typically enroll in schools that are affiliated with the Council of Higher Secondary Education, the ICSE, or the CBSE. The regional CBSE board office for Odisha is located in Bhubaneswar. Liberal arts, business, science and vocational programs are available.
Colleges are affiliated with a university or institution based either in Bhubaneswar or elsewhere in India. Bhubaneswar has emerged as an education hub in eastern India, with several private and government colleges geared towards engineering, management, and other courses. Utkal University, established in 1939, is the oldest, with 267 affiliated general colleges, 15 law colleges, six medical and pharmacy colleges. Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology established in 1962, is the second oldest agricultural university in the country. Utkal University of Culture is a university dedicated for research, teaching and education.
Bhubaneswar has two deemed universities: Siksha O Anusandhan University and KIIT University; four medical colleges—All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Hi-Tech Medical College & Hospital and Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital and two autonomous institutions affiliated to Utkal University: Rama Devi Women's College and Buxi Jagabandhu Bidyadhar College. Other educational institutions include the IIT Bhubaneswar, Xavier Institute of Management (XIMB), Institute of Mathematics and Applications(IOMA), National Institute of Science Education and Research, National Institute of Fashion Technology, Institute of Physics, Institute of Life Sciences, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Regional Medical Research Center and Regional Institute of Education.
Cuisine:-
Key elements of Bhubaneswar's cuisine include rice and a fish curry known as machha jholo, which can be accompanied by desserts such as roshogolla, Rasabali, Chennajhilli and Chhena Poda. Odisha's large repertoire of seafood dishes includes various preparations of lobsters and crabs brought in from Chilika Lake. Street foods such as Gupchup (a deep-fried crêpe with tamarind sauce), Cuttack-chaat, Dahi bara-Aloo dum and Bara-ghuguni are sold all over the city. Traditional Odia food such as Dahi-Pakhal (rice soaked in water with yogurt and seasonings) is considered as a body coolant, accompanied by Badi chura or saga are consumed during months of April–June. The Abadha (sacred food of lingaraj temple)Lingaraj Temple and Ananta Vasudeva Temple served for devotees is considered a vegetarian culinary delight. Other vegetarian dishes are Dalma (made of lentils and vegetables boiled together and then fried with other spices) and Santula (lightly spiced steamed vegetables). Sweets play a large part in the diet of Bhubaneswarites—especially at their social ceremonies. Bhubaneswar is known for its kora-khhaii which are made up of paddy, jaggery and coconut pieces. Pitha, a kind of sweet cake, bread or dim sum are winter specialties.
Sports facilities in Bhubaneswar :-
Bhubaneswar's major sporting arena is the Kalinga Stadium, having facilities for athletics, football, hockey, basketball, tennis, table tennis and swimming. East Coast Railway Stadium, a prominent cricket stadium hosts Ranji Trophy and other matches. Construction of galleries and stadium renovation is in process. An air-conditioned indoor stadium with a capacity of 2000 spectators for badminton, volleyball, basketball and table tennis games is under construction. Barabati Stadium in Cuttack, Odisha's only venue for international cricket matches, is located around 25 kilometres (16 mi) away.[115] Bhubaneswar has a franchise of Odisha Premier League, Bhubaneswar Jaguars, which started in 2010. Bhubaneswar Golf Club, a nine-hole golf course is situated in Infocity.
Conclusion
A good district
a developing district.
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