Sambalpur
ABOUT THE DISTRICT:-
It is the
western part of Odisha and Considered as a gorgeous spot for the tourists as
well as for those who believes in adventure. Here the world’s largest
mainstream dam Hirakud is situated.
Hirakund
Dam Project is one of the prominent developments in the agricultural sector of
Sambalpur. It was the ancient diamond trade centre, nowadays it is mainly known
for its textiles, especially the Sambalpuri Saree. It's a good place from which
to explore the surrounding forests and spot, some of the rare species still
roaming the area in one of the wild life sanctuaries, such as the well-known
Badrama sanctuary. Sambalpur is also famous for Sambalpuri song and Sambalpuri
dance. There are many reasons Sambalpur known for, Maa samalei temple is the most
important and special for the local inhabitants as well as for the people of
Odisha. It is also the land of many eminent personalities. Forest plays an important
role in livelihood of local inhabitants.
Geography;-
The district is located in
the Mahanadi River basin. It has a total area of 6,702 km2
(2,588 sq mi), of which almost 60% of the district is covered in
dense forest. The district is bounded by Deogarh District to the east, Bargarh
and Jharsuguda districts to the west, Sundergarh District to the north, and Subarnapur
and Angul districts in the south.
Demographics:-
According to the 2011
census Sambalpur district has a population of 1,044,410. This
gives it a ranking of 433rd in India (out of a total of 640. The district has a
population density of 158 inhabitants per square kilometre
(410 /sq mi) .Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011
was 11.63%. Sambalpur has a sex ratio of 973 females for every 1000 males, and
a literacy rate of 76.91%.
Tourist place:-
- Hirakud
Dam - world's longest dam is situated over River Mahanadi. The Gandhi
Mandir near the dam is also a lovely place to visit.
- Huma
- the leaning temple of Shiva is the main attraction this scenic village.
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- Ghanteshwari
- a temple area well known for the presence thousands of hanging bells.
- Chiplima
- Hatibari
- Ushakoti
Ashta sambhu:-
In the district of Sambalpur a large numbers
of Shiva temples were built during the Chauhan period. The most important amongst
them were the Asta Sambhu in the undivided Sambalpur district as detailed
below:-
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Serial number
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Name of Lord Shiva
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Place
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1
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Bimaleswara
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Huma
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2
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Kedarnatha
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Ambabana(now in baragad)
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3
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Biswanatha
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Degaa(now in baragad)
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4
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Balunkeswara
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Gaisama(now in baragad
district)
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5
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Balunkeswara
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Maneswar
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6
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Swapneswara
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Sorna (now in baragad)
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7
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Bisweswara
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Soranda(now in baragad)
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8
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Neelakantheswara
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Niliee(now in baragad)
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9
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Baba Kamaleswar
|
Sason, Kamalchowk
|
Samaleswari, the presiding deity of this
region is enshrined at 'Samlei Gudi' on the bank of Mahanadi River.
The other temple
of importance is the Budharaja Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva and is perched
atop the Budharaja hill. These temples are located at a few kilometres'
distance from Sambalpur.
The Hirakud Dam,
the longest dam of the world, is some 15 kilometres from Sambalpur and can be
easily visited on a day trip.
About 20 km
from Sambalpur lies the Huma Temple which is a leaning structure, angling up to
almost an astonishing 17 degrees. A mystery of engineers since the past few
decades, it was made by the erstwhile ruler of Sambalpur.
A brief
description about World’s largest dam:-
Facts to
look at:-
Hirakud Dam Project is built across river
Mahanadi at about 15 Kms. upstream of Sambalpur town in State of Odisha. This happens to be the first post
independence major multipurpose river valley project in India. The dam is 6 Kms
from NH 6 . The nearest rail head is Hirakud railway station (S.E.R) which is 8
Kms from the dam site.
The project
provides 1, 55,635 Hects of Kharif and 1,08,385 Hects of Rabi irrigation
of Sambalpur, Bargarh, Bolangir, and Subarnpur. The water released through
power house irrigates further 436000 Hects of CCA in Mahanadi delta. Installed
capacity for power generation in 307.5 MW through its two power houses at Burla
, at the right bank to and Chiplima , at 22 Kms down stream of dam . Besides
the project provides flood protection to 9500 sq Kms of delta area in district
of Cuttack and Puri.
History
regarding the project:-
After high floods of 1937, Sir M. Visveswararya gave proposal
for detailed investigation for storage reservoirs in Mahanadi basin to tackle
problem of floods in Mahanadi delta, In
1945, it was decided under the chairmanship of Dr. B.R.Ambedkar, the then
Member of Labour in Govt. of India that the potentialities of river Mahanadi
should be fruitfully and expenditiously investigated for multipurpose use.
Central Water- ways Irrigation and Navigation Commission took up the work. The
foundation stone of Hirakud Dam was laid by Sir Howthrone Lewis, the then Governor
of Odisha on 15th March 1946. The project report was submitted to
Government in June 1947. The first batch of concrete was laid by Pandit
Jawaharalal Neheru on 12th April 1948. The project was formally
inaugurated by Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru on 13th, January
1957. Power generation along with supply for irrigation started progressively
from 1956 and full potential was achieved by 1966.
Features
of the project:-
Hirakud dam is a composite structure of Earth, Concrete and
Masonry. The main dam having an overall
length of 4.8 K.m. spans between hills Lamdungri on left hand Chandili Dunguri
on the right. The Dam is flanked by 21 K.Ms. long earthen dykes both on left
and right sites to close the low suddles beyond the abutment hills. It has the distinction of being the longest
dam in the world, being 25.8 K.Ms. long with dam and dykes taken together. It has also the rare distinct of forming the
biggest artificial lake in Asia with reservoir spread of 743 sq Kms at full
reservoir level.
Hirakud dam
intercepts 83400 sq. km (32200 sq miles) of Mahanadi catchments. The reservoir
has a storage of 5818 M. Cum with gross of 8136 M Cum.
Cost:-
Cost of this project was 100.02 Crores (In
1957)
Dam in
numbers:-
(A)
HYDROLOGICAL :-
(a) Catchment
- 83400
Sq. Kms (32200 sq miles)
(b) Rain
fall(mm) - Original Revised
Mean annual - 1381(1900 – 45) 1088
Maximum annual - 1809 (in 1919) 2518
Minimum annual - 940 (in
1902) 607
(c) Run Off (M Hect. M) - Original Post Construction
Average
annual 6.17 3.36
(1926-46)
(1958-92)
Maximum
annual 8.62 9.09
(1919)
(1961)
Minimum
annual 2.54 1.14
(1902)
(1979)
(B) DAM AND RESERVOIR
Top dam level R.L 195.680M. (R.L.642
ft.)
F.R.L/ M. W. L R.L 192.024M (R.L 630 ft.)
Dead storage level R.L 197.830 M (R.L
590 Ft)
Storage capacity Original Revised
In
M Cum (M. Ac. Ft.) (1988)
Gross 8136
(6.60) 7189 (5.83)
Live 5818
(4.72) 5375 (4.36)
Dead 2318
(1.88) 1814 (1.47)
Water spread area at F.R.L 743 Sq. Km.
At D.S.L 274
Sq. Km.
Maximum
fetch At F.R.L
83.2 Km.
Total
length of Dam 4800 M.
Length
of dyke, Left Dyke 9337 M
in five gaps.
Right Dyke 10759
M in one stretch.
Total
quantity of earth work in Dam
18.1 M Cum.
Total quantity of concrete and
1.07 M.
Cum
(c) SPILLWAY
Spillway
capacity 42450 cumecs (15 lakhs cusecs)
Crest
level - R.L.
185.928 M ( R.L. 610 ft.)
Size
of sluices - 3.658 x 6.20 M (12x 2034 ft)
No.
of sluices - 64 (40 on left and 24 on right)
Sill
of sluices - R.L.
155.448 M (R.L. 510 ft)
No.
of crest gates - 34 ( 21 on left and
13 on right)
Size
of crest gates - 15.54 M x 6.10 M.
(51x 20 ft.)
Types
– Solid gravity with ogee profile and skijump bucket.
(D) POWER
GENERATION:
Installed
Capicity
At
Burla -
5 x 37.5
- 2x24.0 = 235.50 MW
At
Chiplima - 3x24 = 72.00 MW
Total = 307.50 MW
Length
of the power channel -
22.40 Km.
Full
supply discharge of power -
22.40 Km
channel
(beyond escape)
Full
supply discharge of chiplima P.H. – 333.4 cumecs.
Bed
width of power channel ;
Upto escape -75.5 M
Beyond escape - 52.5 M
So that’s all for Sambalpur . follow me on my facebook and twitter link. for latest updates.
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